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English optative sentences as translation counterparts of Czech sentences introduced by kéž
Tesař, Jan ; Malá, Markéta (advisor) ; Jančovičová, Ivana (referee)
The thesis explores the syntactic means used in English to express a wish. While in Czech the optative sentences constitute a special sentence type, in English various constructions can be used to perform the same function. A contrastive approach is therefore used to identify the types of English optative sentences. The particle kéž introducing Czech optative sentences is used as a marker of the optative function. English optative sentences are identified in English original texts as counterparts of Czech translations comprising the particle kéž. The material is drawn from the English-Czech fiction sub-corpus of the parallel translation corpus InterCorp. One hundred English optative sentences are analysed with respect to the syntactic structure of the sentence (simple vs. complex) and the form of the verb (mood). The formal features are correlated with the choice of the addressee, time reference and realizability of the wish. The English optative sentences comprise, apart from the most frequent type introduced by I wish, a range of constructions, including 'minor' irregular sentences, which are described in more detail in the analytical part of the thesis. KEYWORDS optative sentences, particle kéž, translation counterparts, parallel corpus, English, Czech
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Czech optative sentences introduced by "kéž" and "ať" and their English translation counterparts
Kvítková, Alena ; Brůhová, Gabriela (advisor) ; Dušková, Libuše (referee)
The thesis studies Czech optative sentences introduced by kéž and ať and their English translation counterparts. The features of the two respective types of sentences differ notably - while sentences introduced by kéž may appear in present or past conditional as well as in indicative, each one indicating different temporal reference of the wish, sentences with ať make use of indicative only. This difference is expected to cause each of them to be paired with different counterparts or cause one counterpart to be more popular with one of the sentence types than with the other. All of the typical means in the English language conveying the function of a wish, usually classed under exclamative sentences, appear among the examples as well as some of the less common means. Focus is given to the interdependence of translation counterparts with time reference of the wish and its un/realizability. In cases where the time orientation of the wish cannot be the decisive factor, attention will be paid to the style of the text or fixity of the phrases. For the purpose of the analysis one hundred examples of Czech optative sentences- fifty sentences introduced by kéž and fifty introduced by ať - together with their English translation counterparts were extracted from InterCorp.
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